University students hear a lot about meningitis. It's not that it's particularly common - it's just that it can be very dangerous, even fatal, if it is not recognised and dealt with quickly.

First year students tend to be more at risk from meningitis than other students, which is why it is often recommended that they receive vaccinations at the beginning of first year. Meningitis is described as inflammation of the meninges, the lining which surrounds the brain. There are two main forms, Viral and Bacterial.

Viral - more common, but rarely life threatening. It can be caused by different viruses. Some are spread through coughing or sneezing, by poor hygiene or sewage polluted water.

Bacterial - many types but the main type is meningococcal. The germs that cause this live at the back of the throat. Only very rarely do they overcome the body's defences and cause bacterial meningitis. Germs are spread through close, prolonged contact and via coughing, sneezing and intimate kissing.

Warning Signs Being violently sick, severe headaches, neck stiffness, sensitivity to bright light, hurting eyes, rash, drowsiness, lethargy, aching joints. This list is not exhaustive, and you may not have all of these symptoms. It is important that you contact a doctor immediately if you are experiencing any of these symptoms.

Early diagnosis and treatment are vital.

If your G.P. is not available, go immediately to the nearest casualty department.

Prevention

Vaccines are the only way to protect against meningitis and at present there is no vaccine which protects against all types of meningitis. Very close contacts of a patient with the meningicoccal type are prescribed antibiotics. They reduce, but do not eliminate, the risk of meningitis. In some cases a vaccine may be offered.